ship和boat的區別是什麽_Ship與Boat的區別

很多朋友想了解關於介詞的一些資料信息，下麵是(揚升資訊www.balincan8.com)小編整理的與介詞相關的內容分享給大家，一起來看看吧。很多朋友想了解關於複數名詞的一些資料信息，下麵是(揚升資訊www.balincan8.com)小編整理的與複數名詞相關的內容分享給大家，一起來看看吧。

專題四　介詞及介詞短語

介詞是一種用來表示詞與詞， 或者詞與句之間的關係的詞，在句中不能單獨作成分。介詞後麵一般有名詞、代詞或相當於名詞的其他詞類、短語或從句作它的賓語。

考點一　常見介詞的用法

一、方位介詞

1. among, between

一般說來，among用於三者或三者以上的“在……中間”，其賓語通常是一個表示籠統數量或具有複數(或集合)意義的名詞或代詞；between主要指兩者之間，其賓語往往是表示兩者的名詞或代詞，或者是由and連接的兩個人或物。among在表示範圍時，還可表示“在其中；……之一”。

She is the youngest among the three sisters.

她是三姐妹中最年輕的。

I sit between Lily and Amy.

我坐在莉莉和埃米之間。

2. in, on

二者均可表示“在……上”，描述兩個物體的接觸情況。on側重於表麵接觸，而in側重於深度接觸。英語中的某些習慣表達常用in或on。若打擊某人的臉、眼、嘴、胸、腹等部位時，用in，而打擊頭、額、鼻、耳、頸、肩、腿等部位時，用on。表示樹本身生長出來的枝、葉、花、果等“在樹上”，用on the tree，但表示樹本身以外的人或動物“在樹上”，用in the tree，意指被枝葉擋住。

He hit me in the face.

他打了我的臉。

The teacher patted the boy on the head and comforted him.

老師輕輕拍著那個男孩的頭安慰他。

3. across, through

across和through雖然都可以表示“穿過”，但還是有區別的。across與on有關，意為：from one side to the other side of (sth. )，表示動作在物體的表麵進行，從一邊到另一邊；through與in有關，表示動作從物體中間穿過。

The old man walked across the street.

這位老人走過了街道。

The burglar got in through the window.

入室竊賊是從窗戶進來的。

4. over, above, under, below

over和above都有“在……之上”的意思，但over往往表示“在……的正上方”，其反義詞為under，而above往往表示“在……的斜上方”，其反義詞為below。over還可表示“(部分或全部覆蓋)在……上麵”。

There are several bridges over the river.

在這條河上有幾座橋。

The water came above our knees.

水沒過了我們的膝蓋。

A policeman is standing under an umbrella.

一位正站在一把傘下。

Skirts must be below the knees.

裙子必須要到膝蓋以下。

5. in, to, on, off

四個詞都可表示兩地之間的方位關係。in表示在某範圍之內；to表示在某範圍之外；on表示“毗鄰；接壤”；off則強調兩地間隔著一小段距離。

Changchun is in the northeast of China.

長春在中國的東北方。(長春是中國的組成部分)

Japan is to the east of China.

日本在中國的東方。(中國和日本是隔海相望的)

Mongolia is on the north of China.

蒙古在中國的北邊。(蒙古與中國接壤)

Lily lives in a flat just off Park Avenue.

莉莉住在離派克大街不遠的一套公寓裏。

[活學巧練]　單句語法填空

①There was a fight ____________ the two boys.

②We found a square hole ________ the wall.

③He has a giant scar ________ his chest.

④He always puts his students ________ everything.

⑤He has little control ________ his emotions.

⑥Shandong Province is/lies ________ the east of China.

⑦Shandong Province is/lies ________ the northeast of Hubei Province.

⑧Korea is/lies ________ the east of China.

答案：①between　②in　③across　④above　⑤over

⑥in　⑦to　⑧on

二、時間介詞

1. at, in, on

(1)at的用法

①表示時間點等，如at 12：00(在12點鍾)，at noon(在中午)，at night(在夜裏)，at midnight(在半夜)，at dawn/daybreak(在黎明/破曉)，at sunrise/sunset(在日出/日落)，at dusk(在黃昏)。

②表示較短暫的一段時間，可指某個節日或被認為是一年中標誌大事的日子，如at Christmas(在聖誕節)。

(2)in的用法

表示在某段較長的時間(世紀、朝代、年代、月份及泛指上午、下午和傍晚等)內，如in the 1980s, in the Qing Dynasty, in October, in the morning/afternoon/evening。

(3)on的用法

①用於表示具體的日子或一個特定的時間(如某日、某節日、星期幾等)，如on October 1st, on a rainy day, on National Day等。

②用於表示特定的上午、下午或晚上，如on Christmas Eve(在聖誕節前夕), on the morning of January 3rd, on the afternoon of his arrival等。

③表示“準時，按時”用on time。

2. in, after

(1)in的用法

in表時間，常表示“在……之內”，有時in還有“在……之後”的意思，但表示此意時，必須具備兩個條件：①所在句子的謂語動詞必須表將來；②後麵必須是一段時間。這兩個條件缺一不可，否則用after或later。

(2)after的用法

after表時間，意為“在……之後”。通常“after＋時間段”與過去時連用，“after＋時間點”與將來時連用。

[活學巧練]　用in或after填空

①My father will be back ________ three days.

②My father will be back ________ three o'clock.

答案：①in　②after

3. for, from, since

for後接時間段，表示行為或狀態持續了多久；from後接時間點，表示行為或狀態的起始點，而不涉及其持續時間的長短；since後接時間點，不僅表示行為或狀態的起始點，而且還強調該行為或狀態從起始點一直持續到說話的時刻，因而常與延續動詞的完成時連用。

[活學巧練]　單句語法填空

①Mr Brown enjoyed the country life and lived there ________ almost fifteen years after his retirement.

②We have not seen each other ________ 1995.

答案：①for　②since

三、表工具、手段、方式的介詞

1. by, in, on

三個詞都可以表示旅行的方式。

(1)不涉及交通工具的名詞時，用by，名詞前不帶冠詞。如by sea，by water，by land，by air等。

(2)涉及交通工具的名詞時，用by，但名詞需用單數，其前麵不加冠詞和任何修飾語。如by bike，by taxi，by plane，by ship/boat，by train，by spaceship等。

(3)當旅行方式涉及特指的交通工具時，用on或in，名詞前應有冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞等修飾語。如travel to New York on this plane, go to school on my bike等。注意：步行、騎馬、騎駱駝均用on。如on foot，on horseback/on a horse，on a camel等。

2. with, in

(1)with用於有形的工具或某些身體器官之前，其後的名詞多被冠詞、物主代詞等修飾。

(2)in

(3)注意以下固定短語：

on/over the telephone/radio通過電話/廣播

用這/那種方式

[活學巧練]　單句語法填空

①They are digging ________ a pick/spade.

②We see ________ our eyes, hear ________ our ears，and walk ________ our legs.

③Please answer me ________ English.

④Please write ________ capital letters.

⑤The artist wrote ________ ink/pencil(＝________ a pen/pencil).

答案：①with　②with；with；with　③in　④in　⑤in；with

四、表原因的介詞

1. with多用於表示情緒的形容詞或身體動作或狀態的動詞之後，表示某種心理或心理狀態的原因。

2. for多與表示感情的抽象名詞或動名詞及reason，famous等詞連用。

3. from常接抽象名詞，表示自然或間接原因。

4. of用於某些形容詞後，後接與感情相關的人或事。

5. over常用於帶有感情色彩的動詞，如cry, quarrel, laugh, sigh等詞之後，敘述所發生事情的原因。

[活學巧練]　單句語法填空

①Her face went red ________ anger.

②The West Lake is famous ________ its scenery.

答案：①with　②for

考點二　介詞的固定搭配

考查介詞短語辨析，往往要借助具體語境，另外，還要掌握常用的介詞短語及其意義。

1. in＋n. 表示狀態

in anger生氣地　　　 in battle在戰鬥中

in bed在床上 in comfort舒適地

in danger處於危險中 in debt負債

in delight高興地 in despair絕望地

in difficulty處於困難中 in doubt不確定，拿不準

in fear在恐懼中 in high spirits情緒高昂地

in need在困境中 in order就緒

in peace平靜地；平安地　 in practice在實踐中

in print已出版 in prison在獄中

in public公開地 in rags穿著破爛

in ruins成為廢墟 in secret秘密地

in silence沉默 in space在太空中

in surprise驚奇地 in trouble在困難中

in use在使用中 in view看得見

in wonder驚奇地

2. 以in開頭的介詞短語

in the face of麵對　　　

in addition to除……以外(還)

in case of萬一；如果；假如

in celebration of為慶祝……

in charge of掌管……

in consequence of由於……

in contrast to與……相比

in control of管理；控製；操縱

in exchange for作為交換

in favor of支持，讚成

in fear of害怕

in front of在……(外部的)前麵

in honour of向……表示敬意

in memory of為了紀念……

in need of需要 in no time立刻

in place of代替 in possession of擁有，占有

in praise of表揚 in preparation for為……作準備

in respect of關於 in response to作為回應

in return作為回報 in spite of盡管

in support of為支持……

in the charge of在……管理下

in the direction of在……方向

in the front of在……(內部的)前麵

in the habit of有……習慣

in the hope of抱著……的希望

in the middle of在……中間

3. in＋n. 表示方式

in cash用現金付款　　　　 in width在寬度上

in depth在深度上 in detail詳細地

in English用英語 in height在海拔上

in length在長度上 in ink用墨水

in shape在外形上 in size在大小上

4. at＋n. 表示時間

at Christmas在聖誕節 at dusk在黃昏

at dawn在黎明 at daybreak在拂曉

at midnight在午夜 at night在夜裏

at noon在正午 at present目前

at sunrise日出時

5. 以at開頭的短語

at the beginning of在……的開始

at the cost of以……的代價

at the end of在……的盡頭

at the foot of在……的腳下

at the mercy of在……的支配下；任由……擺布

at the price of以……的價格

at the risk of冒……的危險

at the sight of一看到……就……

6. on＋n. 表示狀態

on a trip/journey/tour在旅行 on display在陳列

on duty/guard在值班/警戒中 on exhibition在展出

on fire著火 on holiday/vacation在度假

on line在工作/運行 on sale出售；折價銷售

on show在展出 on the decrease在減少

on the go在忙碌中 on the increase在增加

on the march在行進中 on the way在途中

on trial在受審

7. 以on開頭的介詞短語

on account of因為

on behalf of代表

on condition that在……的條件下；如果

on no account/condition決不

on the basis of以……為基礎

on the occasion of在……時

8. by＋n. 表示方式

by accident偶然　　　　 by air/plane乘飛機

by chance偶然 by coincidence碰巧

by force用暴力 by hand用手工

by mistake錯誤地 by the day按天算

by nature天生地 by radio通過無線電

by weight/volume/size/number按重量/體積/大小/數量

9. out of＋n. 表示狀態

out of balance失去平衡　　 out of breath上氣不接下氣

out of business停業，歇業 out of control不受控製

out of danger脫離危險 out of date過期

out of debt不欠債 out of fashion不流行

out of luck不走運 out of mind發狂

out of office在野 out of order出故障

out of patience不耐煩 out of season過季

out of shape走樣；不成形 out of sight看不到

out of the question不可能 out of question毫無疑問

out of trouble擺脫困難 out of work失業

10. under＋n. 表示被動

under attack遭到襲擊　 under consideration在考慮中

under construction在建造中

under control處於控製之中

under discussion在討論中 under pressure在壓力下

under repair在修理中 under treatment在治療中

under way在進行中

11. 以under開頭的短語

under the care of... 接受……的治療

under the direction of... 在……的指導下

under the influence of... 在……的影響下

under the protection of... 在……的庇護下

12. with＋n. 表示方式

with anger生氣地　　 with confidence有信心地

with courage英勇地 with delight/joy高興地

with difficulty困難地 with ease輕而易舉地

with fear害怕地 with interest有興趣地

with pleasure樂意地 with pride驕傲地

with satisfaction滿意地 with success成功地

with kindness親切地

13. beyond＋n. 表示“超出……，難以……”

beyond compare無與倫比

beyond comprehension難以理解

beyond control失控

beyond description難以描述

beyond doubt不用懷疑；確實

beyond expression難以表達

beyond measure非常；極其

beyond question無可爭辯；毋庸置疑

beyond reach夠不到

beyond words難以表達

beyond one's wildest dreams做夢都沒想到，遠遠出乎意料

14. 介詞與其他詞構成的搭配

next to緊挨著　 　 in between在中間；在兩者之間

instead of代替 apart from除……之外

regardless of不管，不顧 according to根據

along with隨著 together with連同

owing to因為 but for要不是

up to直到；由……而定

[活學巧練]　單句語法填空

①[2021ⷦ𒳥—鄭州一中六次測試]Most caves are formed ________ nature under the ground，but some have entrances people can find.

②[2021ⷧ揥𛺩𞍥𒩨𓪦ꢝAs Christmas is the most important festival in the West，some believe that it is similar ________ the Spring Festival in China.

③[2021ⷥ𑱨忥흧𞩥囹闤𘭥�𚌦衝It was about 300 or 400 years before the extra names gradually developed into last names，or surnames. They were passed on ________ generation to generation.

④[2021ⷦ𕷥—中學月考]Regardless ________ your dream，do your homework.

⑤[2021ⷦ𒈩™𝤺Œ中模擬]It has no religious significance；the founders of the movement adopted it in honor ________ Switzerland.

答案：①by　②to　③from　④of　⑤of

在語法填空中，介詞是必考內容，常考表示方位、時間、地點、方式、原因、計量、材料等以及習慣用語中的介詞。

[典題試做]

在空格處填入適當的介詞

1. [2020ⷥ…襜‹卷Ⅱ]Bamboo plants are associated ________ health, abundance and a happy home.

2. [2020ⷥ…襜‹卷Ⅲ]The artist was finally humbled(謙卑) by the greatest artist ________ earth, Mother Nature.

3. [2020ⷦ–𐩫˜考全國卷Ⅰ]Museums must compete ________ people's spare time and money with other amusements.

4. [2020ⷦ𕙦𑟥𗝓ome time after 10,000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived ________， through agriculture.

5. [2019ⷥ…襜‹卷Ⅰ]Modern methods ________ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid⭱980s.

6. [2019ⷥ…襜‹卷Ⅲ]We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ________ dogs, seven to be exact.

答案：1. with　2. on　3. for　4. in　5. of/for　6. of

[高效演練]

Ⅰ. 單句語法填空

1. [2021ⷦ𙖥Œ—孝感一中、應城一中等五校聯考] Sleep might be one answer ________ the problem.

2. [2021ⷦ𒳥Œ—衡水中學一調]As we all know, Hangzhou，a beautiful city, won the bid ________ September 16th, 2015.

3. [2021ⷦ𙖥Œ—重點高中聯考] It's ________ great importance to ask for help and let people know how you feel if you are worried or anxious.

4. [2021ⷦ𕙦𑟩‡‘麗衢十二校二次聯考] You harshly scold your daughter for knocking the cup over. She breaks ________ in tears.

5. [2021ⷥ𑱦𑥸륤穙„中五次模擬] The term “Mandarin”can also refer to Standard Mandarin, which is based ________ the Mandarin dialect spoken in Beijing.

6. Television is available in each of the hotel rooms ________ an extra.

7. “Speed up. 70 km/h isn't fast enough. You are holding up traffic，”ordered another voice from the seat next ________ me.

8. The game was played ________ two teams.

答案：1. to　2. on　3. of　4. down　5. on　6. as　7. to　8. between

Ⅱ. 語法填空(介詞及介詞短語專練)

I was in a restaurant. I noticed an elderly couple 1. ________ a balloon tied to their table. When I asked them what the occasion was，they told me it was their 50th wedding anniversary. I was glad and sad 2. ________ them at the same time. I was glad because they still cherished each other. I was sad because they were 3. ________ their own，without any children or friends. After I went back to my table I thought I should pay their bill. I tried to do it，and the restaurant manager and the waitresses asked me curiously who they were 4. ________ me. Finally，I told them I worked in a church and felt it was my duty to do so. The elderly couple were surprised and speechless when told a total stranger had paid 5. ________ them. All of us were nearly 6. ________ tears：the couple，the manager，the waitresses and me.

Two months later I got a call 7. ________ a newspaper telling me my simple act of kindness was reported. I wasn't expecting anything 8. ________ return，but I became famous 9. ________ that act of kindness. What would and could happen 10. ________ us if we always practice such acts of kindness on family，friends，neighbors and strangers?

答案：1. with　2. for　3. on　4. to　5. for　6. in　7. from　8. in　9. for　10. to

本文到此結束，希望對大家有所幫助呢。